volume Number 11، number In Volume 3، Fall 2018 ، issue Number 41

An Intellectual Study and Comparison of Erdavirafnameh and Alghofran

Ali Heydari(Author in Charge), Noorodin Bazgir, MohammadReza Hasani Jalilian, Ali Noori Khatunbani

Abstract

The themes of the stories related to travel to the next world show the point of the ideas and beliefs of writers and nations as the foundation of such works. By comparing the thoughts and ideas raised in such works, we can lay open the thoughts and beliefs of different nations to a large extent, and we can lay open the actions and reactions of different nations. There are many of such stories which include travel to the next world. Although they have differences, they all have one thing in common, which is the moral load of such travel writings, a point which turn them into didactic works.The works are generally of two types. The first kind ispedagogicalliteratureto train moral,culturaland religious virtues andthe second typewhich try to (train scientific, literary, and grammaticalconcepts.On the other hand,around the world, many travel writings have been composed.Despite theirdifferences, they have devoted some parts to education,trainingand moral issues.Sowe can take the hereafteritineraries as didactic literature.This paper compares and contrasts the pedagogicalfunctions ofErdavirafnameh and Alghofran) as two spiritual travels to the next world. Erdavirafmamehis famous for the political and social issues of its time and is categorized under the teaching firsttype mentioned above. But in Alghofran, in addition to training values andmoral,culturaland religious virtues, special attentionis also given to thesyntacticandpoetic aspects of the language and Arabic grammar.For this reason, the language used in Alghofran is complex and includes some literary complications.The very two contexts are different regarding religious approaches such as reward and punishment, heaven or hell. For many reasons, Marri emphasizes encouraging as well as announcing the aspects of education and talks more about the heaven rather than the hell while Erdadirfnameh is mainly based on punishment and threatening the reader from punishment.The very two contexts are different regarding religious approaches such as reward and punishment and heaven or hell.

Keyword
Erdavirafnameh , Alghofran , didactic literature , first dudactic literature , second didactic literature

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